Gum Grafting Procedures (Subepithelial connective tissue grafts) (Free Gingival Grafts) When recession of the gums occurs, the body loses a natural defense against both bacterial penetration and trauma. When gum recession is a problem gum reconstruction using grafting techniques is an option. When there is only minor recession, some healthy gum tissue often remains and protects the tooth, so that no treatment other than modifying home care practices is necessary. However, when the recession reaches the mucosa ( the weak and thin tissue in the mouth), the first line of defense against bacterial penetration is lost. In addition, gum recession often results in root sensitivity to hot and cold foods as well as an unsightly appearance to the gum and tooth. Also, gum recession, when significant, can predispose to worsening recession and expose the root surface, which is softer than enamel, leading to root caries. A gingival graft is designed to solve these problems. A thin piece of tissue is taken from the roof of the mouth, or is gently moved over from adjacent areas, to provide a stable band of attached gingiva(gum tissue) around the tooth. The gingival graft may be placed in such a way as to cover the exposed portion of the root. The gingival graft procedure is a highly predictable and results in a stable healthy band of attached tissue around the tooth.